Labor Employee Expenses: How to Manage Them Correctly and Avoid Legal and Tax Risks
Salary vs. non-salary items and practical guidance for startups and tech SMEs in spain
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Stay updated with the latest legal, tax, and labor news. Here you'll find practical guides and tips that can help you make better decisions for your business.
Labor 
Labor Can You Be Dismissed for Low Performance Using AI? Legal Keys and Limits in Spain
We analyze whether it is possible in Spain to dismiss an employee for low performance detected through artificial intelligence. Legal limits, requirements, and the real role of AI under the Workers’ Statute.
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Tax VERI*FACTU: When to Adapt, Who Is Obliged, and How to Do It (Freelancers and Companies)
The introduction of **VERI*FACTU** represents a turning point in how freelancers and companies must issue invoices in Spain. This new standard, included in the **Regulation on Invoicing IT Systems**, aims to ensure that all issued invoices are **complete, traceable, and tamper-proof**, preventing any kind of accounting manipulation.
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Tax Tax Loss Harvesting in Cryptocurrencies: Turning Losses into Tax Savings
The cryptocurrency market is famous for its volatility. While this creates opportunities for significant gains, it also inevitably generates losses. **Tax Loss Harvesting (TLH)** is a key strategy that turns those unrealised losses into a tangible tax advantage, allowing investors to optimise their net returns.
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Tax The best time is now: why you should not delay Income Tax planning
The Spanish Income Tax return (IRPF) is an unavoidable annual obligation for most taxpayers. Although the official filing period usually opens in spring, **waiting until the last minute is a strategic mistake** that severely limits your options for tax optimisation.
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Tax Year-end review of crypto capital gains: how to improve your tax position in Spain
The crypto market often experiences significant movements throughout the year, yet many investors **have not analysed the tax impact** of their operations. With the Spanish Income Tax return (IRPF) on the horizon, this is the perfect time to review your positions and plan how to optimise the taxation of your capital gains and losses.
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Legal EU AI Act: what obligations will tech companies face in 2025?
2025 brings two key AI Act milestones: prohibitions (02/02/2025) and GPAI rules (02/08/2025). A technical guide for startups and integrators in Spain: what applies, what doesn’t, and how to prepare.
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Legal From Sole Trader to SL (Limited Company): transferring assets, contracts and the legal roadmap
Practical guide in Spain for moving from sole trader to Sociedad Limitada: how to transfer assets and contracts, tax implications, legal steps and operational considerations for a smooth transition.
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Legal LOI (Letter of Intent) in startup rounds and sales: what is binding, exclusivity, confidentiality, and timeline
Practical guide to LOIs in Spain (startups and M&A): legal nature, exclusivity, confidentiality, timeline, what happens if the deal does not close, and what happens if the LOI is breached
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Legal Cookies, consent and user control: AEPD updates in 2025
practical guide for startups in Spain: reminder of prior obligations, 2025 criteria on banners, granular consent, personalization, consentless audience measurement, the “pay or okay” model, and effective withdrawal of consent.
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Legal Shareholders’ Agreement for Startups: Practical Guide and Clause Checklist
Guide for startups in Spain on shareholders’ agreements: contractual nature, alignment with bylaws, key clauses (vesting, drag, tag, deadlock, non-compete), other common provisions, and dispute resolution routes
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Tax # Advantages of Selling Company Shares Through a Holding Company vs. as an Individual
The **sale of company shares** can generate a significant capital gain, and how the transaction is structured has a major **tax impact**. In Spain, there are substantial differences between selling as an **individual** and selling through a **holding company.**
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